Simplicity and low cost sustain the popularity of passive PWM DAC ripple filters despite their limitations. One of these limitations is a high output impedance caused by the series sum of filter ...

Members can download the PDF ebook. A few engineers were having a debate. According to all the books, some of them said, op amps are supposed to have zero output impedance, or very low. That means the ...

EDN has long been a resource for engineers looking to improve designs. It’s long list of “how to” articles explain how to get designs to work and how to maximize performance. Some of the techniques ...

Part 1 of this series discussed what characteristics make up a good load slammer. This article discusses how to use load slammers effectively to design, evaluate, debug, and validate your on-board ...